目的 通过收集内蒙古地区老年人的体质辨识调查问卷，分析内蒙古地区老年人的中医体质分布特点，探讨中医体质在内蒙古地区老年心身健康评估及服务模式中的应用。方法 对内蒙古地区的1387例60岁以上的老年人进行中医体质辨识的问卷调查，进一步探讨内蒙古地区老年人中医体质特点。结果 本研究纳入1387例样本，其中以平和质（51.3%，711/1387）为主，占比最高的前3位偏颇质分别阳虚质（13.6%，188/1387）、痰湿质（13.0%，181/1387）和阴虚质（8.4%，117/1387）。根据不同的性别，女性阳虚质（17.7%，130/735）偏多，男性痰湿质（15.3%，100/652）偏多，且差异有统计学意义（ P ＜0.05）。随着年龄增长，除了特禀质外，其他各个体质都呈现逐渐递减的趋势，尤其是平和质的递减幅度最为显著。在亚健康类型中，偏颇质（56.1%，239/426）略比平和质（43.,9%, 187/426）高。结论 本研究全面总结了内蒙古地区老年人体质分布特点，为未来老年人心身健康评估和服务提供了宝贵的理论参考依据，有助于改善老年人的生活质量。

Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of TCM constitution among the elderly in Inner Mongolia by collecting questionnaires on constitution identification of the elderly in Inner Mongolia, and to explore the application of TCM constitution in the assessment and service mode of psychosomatic health of the elderly in Inner Mongolia. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on 1387 elderly people over 60 years old in Inner Mongolia to further explore the characteristics of TCM constitution in Inner Mongolia. Results A total of 1387 cases were included in this study, among which the most common qualities were peaceful (51.3%, 711/1387), and the top three biased qualities with the highest proportions were yang deficiency (13.6%, 188/1387), phlegm-damp (13.0%, 181/1387), and yin deficiency (8.4%, 117/1387). According to different genders, there were more yang deficiency in women (17.7%, 130/735) and more phlegm and dampness in men (15.3%, 100/652), and the difference was statistically significant ( P <0.05). With the increase of age, except for the idiosyncratic qualities, all other physiques showed a gradual decreasing trend, especially the decline of the peaceful temperament was the most significant. Among the sub-health types, bias (56.1%, 239/426) was slightly higher than that of mere (43., 9%, 187/426). Conclusion This study comprehensively summarizes the physical distribution characteristics of the elderly in Inner Mongolia, which provides a valuable theoretical reference for the psychosomatic health assessment and service of the elderly in the future, and helps to improve the quality of life of the elderly.

内蒙古医科大学致远人才计划项目(ZY0120018)